Coxiella burnetii is a zoonotic pathogen that can cause febrile illness in people and reproductive disease including abortion and stillbirth in livestock. In the UK, C. burnetii appears to be widespread in dairy cattle herds but the epidemiology and productivity impacts of infection remain poorly understood. Our study aimed to address this knowledge gap by generating data on C. burnetii infection patterns within dairy cattle herds, and to estimate production impacts of infection in these herds.